Understanding Pool Filter Settings
The various settings on a multiport valve of a swimming pool sand filter can be quite perplexing for new pool owners. However, once you grasp the fundamentals, it becomes straightforward. This guide will help you navigate the different positions on a pool filter valve with ease.
Typically, a multiport valve (MPV) on a sand filter features six primary settings:
- Filter
- Backwash
- Waste
- Rinse
- Recirculate
- Closed
Some models may even include a seventh setting known as Winterize.
Below, we will delve into the meanings of each pool filter valve position and explain their specific functions.
Table of Contents
- Overview of Pool Filter Valve Positions
- Reference Table for Pool Filter Settings
- Backwash vs. Waste: Understanding the Difference
- Components of a Pool Multiport Valve
- Common Multiport Valve Issues
- Mounting Positions for Multiport Valves (MPV)
- Other Types of Filters and Valves
- YouTube Video on Pool Filter Settings
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Overview of Pool Filter Valve Positions
The names of the valve positions are generally standardized, which means that settings on a Hayward filter will be similar to those on an Astrapool or other brands.
Filter Setting
The Filter setting is the primary mode for filtering pool water through the sand. This is the position where your multiport valve will spend the majority of its operational time. It’s used when the pump is activated on its timer, ensuring that the pool remains clean by circulating water through the filter media.
When using this setting, the process begins as water is drawn into the system through skimmers and the bottom drain (if available). It then passes through the pump’s inlet debris filter basket, which removes larger debris like leaves to prevent potential damage to the pump. Subsequently, the water flows into the sand filter, where it undergoes filtration, trapping fine particles and impurities. Finally, the purified water is returned to the pool through the inlet jets or similar features.
Backwash Setting
The Backwash setting is employed to cleanse the sand within the filter, typically after vacuuming the pool or when the pressure gauge indicates a significant buildup of pressure. This is the second most frequently utilized setting after Filter.
In backwash mode, the water flow is reversed, allowing it to enter the filter from the bottom and travel upwards through the sand. As the water moves through, it dislodges trapped debris that is then expelled through the waste pipe. For a detailed guide on backwashing, refer to my article, “How to Backwash a Pool—Step by Step.”
Waste Setting
The Waste setting can often cause confusion among pool owners. It is primarily used in the following scenarios:
- To reduce the pool water level, especially after significant rainfall or when emptying the pool.
- When the pool is heavily soiled, vacuuming on this setting allows dirt to bypass the filter and be expelled directly, preventing clogging.
- If faced with a severe algae problem, vacuuming on waste ensures that the particles are removed from the system rather than recirculated back into the pool.
In waste mode, water is drawn into the system and expelled through the waste pipe without passing through the filter. The disposal destination varies based on your setup; it may lead to the sewer system or be directed to your garden via a rollout hose. Some valves may label this as “Pump to Waste.”
Rinse Setting
The Rinse setting is often the most misunderstood function. It is primarily used immediately after backwashing to clean the filter media and reset it. In this mode, water flows in the normal direction through the sand, removing any residual particles and allowing the filter bed to settle properly. Typically, you would run the pump on this setting for about 30 seconds to a minute. Notably, water in rinse mode is sent to waste instead of returning to the pool.
If you skip this step after backwashing, you risk releasing a cloud of dirty water back into the pool when switching back to the filter setting.
Closed Setting
The Closed setting effectively halts all water flow. This is useful in two main situations:
- When the pool is to remain unused for an extended period, such as during winter.
- For maintenance tasks, allowing you to empty the strainer basket without air rushing back through the system, which could result in an airlock.
To use this setting, close the valves from the skimmers and other inlets, adjust the valve to closed, and then safely remove the strainer basket lid for cleaning.
Recirculate Setting
Among all the settings, the Recirculate mode is likely the least utilized. It allows water to flow through the skimmers and into the pump, returning directly to the pool without being filtered. This setting is handy when the filter is undergoing maintenance or when distributing chemicals rapidly throughout the pool.
However, it is crucial to note that using recirculate for extended periods is not advisable, as it does not clean the water.
Winterize Setting
Not all multiport valves feature a Winterize setting, but it is often found in regions with colder climates. This setting typically sits between the closed and waste positions and allows the water to expand slightly to prevent valve damage due to freezing temperatures.
Reference Table for Pool Filter Settings
| Filter Setting | Primary Function | Typical Usage Scenario | Key Tips / Best Practices |
|---|---|---|---|
| Filter | Normal operation: Water flows through the filter media (sand, DE, or cartridge), trapping dirt and debris. | Day-to-day running of the pool for standard filtration. | – Monitor the pressure gauge; if PSI is 8–10 above the clean baseline, it’s time to backwash (or clean cartridge). – Run filter 6–12 hours/day, depending on pool usage. |
| Backwash | Reverses water flow to flush out trapped debris from filter media. | When pressure is high or water flow is reduced; typically every 1–3 weeks (for sand/DE). | – Turn off pump before switching to backwash. – Backwash until the sight glass or discharge water runs clear (approx. 2–3 minutes). |
| Rinse | Resets the filter media after backwashing, directing water to waste to remove leftover debris. | Immediately after backwash, before returning to Filter setting. | – Run the rinse cycle for ~30 seconds or until water in the sight glass is clear. – Prevents debris from going back into the pool. |
| Waste | Bypasses the filter entirely and sends water directly out of the pool (to waste line). | Lowering water level quickly, vacuuming out heavy debris or algae-laden water directly to waste. | – Monitor water level to avoid excessive draining. – Ensure local regulations allow for water discharge in your area. |
| Recirculate | Bypasses the filter media but keeps water moving through the system to aid chemical mixing. | When filter is damaged or undergoing maintenance; distributing chemicals rapidly throughout the pool. | – Not suitable for cleaning or removing debris. – Keep an eye on water clarity if recirculating for extended periods. |
| Closed | Shuts off water flow from both the pool intake and return. | Maintenance tasks, such as servicing pump or other equipment; winterizing (in some regions). | – Never run the pump with the valve in Closed position. – Use only when the system is off and locked out. |
Backwash vs. Waste: Understanding the Difference
It’s easy to get confused since both the Backwash and Waste settings expel water from the pool through the waste pipe. However, the key distinction lies in their operation: during backwash, water flows backward through the sand filter, dislodging and removing debris trapped in the sand. In contrast, the waste setting allows water to exit the system without filtering.
IMPORTANT: Always turn off the pump before changing the multiport valve setting to prevent severe damage.
Components of a Pool Multiport Valve
When you adjust the handle of the multiport valve, a mechanism inside rotates to align with the desired setting, allowing water from the pool pump to flow through the chosen path in the valve housing.
Common Multiport Valve Issues
Stiff Selector Handle
Occasionally, you may find that the handle becomes difficult to turn. This can be resolved by applying penetrating oil around the base and moving the valve to allow lubrication. If this doesn’t work, the handle can be removed by pushing out the retaining pin, enabling you to lubricate the shaft directly.
Water Leak from the Side of the Housing
If you notice water leaking from the valve, the likely culprit is the o-ring inside the valve body cover. It may be misaligned, damaged, or in need of lubrication. To address this, switch off the pump, remove the selector handle, and then twist off the top cover. Inspect and lubricate the o-ring, then reassemble the valve.
Mounting Positions for Multiport Valves (MPV)
Multiport valves can be installed in two primary configurations within a pool filtration system, each functioning the same way.
Top Mounted MPV
A top-mounted multiport valve is commonly found on smaller sand filters. This design is efficient as it requires less plumbing, making it easier to install.
Side Mounted MPV
Side-mounted multiport valves are typically utilized for larger sand and DE filters. This positioning prevents the valve from becoming too tall and cumbersome within a pool equipment enclosure.
Other Types of Filters and Valves
DE (Diatomaceous Earth) Filters
DE filters usually feature multiport valves similar to those on sand filter systems, meaning the information provided above is applicable. DE filters are typically backwashed less frequently than sand filters.
Cartridge Filters
Cartridge filters do not utilize multiport valves, as they don’t require backwashing. Cleaning involves removing and manually cleaning or replacing the cartridge.
Slide Valves
Some sand and DE filter systems use slide valves instead of a single multiport valve. By adjusting these valves in specific combinations, you can achieve the necessary settings for backwashing and filtering.
YouTube Video on Pool Filter Settings
For a visual guide, you may watch my informative video discussing the various pool filter valve positions. You can also subscribe to my YouTube channel for more insights.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Why is my pool filter leaking from the top?
This is often due to the O-ring under the lid not sealing correctly, allowing water to escape and air to enter. Check if it’s seated properly, needs lubrication, or requires replacement. This is a straightforward fix that most pool owners can handle independently.
What is the life expectancy of a multiport valve?
Multiport valves are designed for longevity, especially with gentle handling. My personal pool’s multiport valve lasted over 20 years before needing replacement due to a crack in the housing.
When should multiport valves be replaced?
There is no specific timeline for replacing a multiport valve; they should only be replaced upon developing a crack. Often, replacing the o-ring can resolve other issues.
Is drain the same as waste on pool filter?
Yes, “drain” and “waste” refer to the same function on a pool filter valve, serving identical purposes.
What is the difference between backwash and waste?
While both settings expel water from the pool, backwash allows the water to pass through the filter before exiting, whereas waste bypasses the filter entirely.
How long can you run a pool pump on recirculate?
While there is no strict limit, prolonged use of the recirculate setting is ineffective for cleaning, as it merely circulates unfiltered water. It’s best used for about an hour after a strong shock treatment.
Filter or recirculate pool when shocking?
For a strong shock treatment, using the recirculate setting for a short period can effectively mix the chemicals without passing through the filter. For regular shock treatments, keeping the filter on is often sufficient.
WBTAG00032
If your pool is clean, running the sand filter on recirculate is acceptable. However, in most cases, leaving it on filter will help eliminate any bacteria or debris that may be trapped in the sand.
Bir yanıt yazın